Adding chlorine-based solutions to water to kill bacteria.

Adding chlorine-based solutions to water to kill bacteria.

• A. Filtration
• B. Chlorination
• C. Pasteurization
• D. Disinfection

Answer: (B)

This is about making water safe to drink by using a chemical disinfectant, specifically chlorine. Adding chlorine-based solutions to water to kill bacteria is chlorination, a direct method of disinfection. It’s a precise way to achieve disinfection because it uses a chemical to inactivate microbes, rather than just removing them or applying heat. Filtration removes particles and some microbes but isn’t primarily about killing them; pasteurization uses heat and isn’t how drinking-water treatment is carried out on a wide scale; disinfection is the broader process of destroying or inactivating pathogens, but chlorination is the exact chemical method described. Chlorination is popular because it effectively kills bacteria and can leave a residual amount of chlorine to prevent recontamination.

This is about making water safe to drink by using a chemical disinfectant, specifically chlorine. Adding chlorine-based solutions to water to kill bacteria is chlorination, a direct method of disinfection. It’s a precise way to achieve disinfection because it uses a chemical to inactivate microbes, rather than just removing them or applying heat. Filtration removes particles and some microbes but isn’t primarily about killing them; pasteurization uses heat and isn’t how drinking-water treatment is carried out on a wide scale; disinfection is the broader process of destroying or inactivating pathogens, but chlorination is the exact chemical method described. Chlorination is popular because it effectively kills bacteria and can leave a residual amount of chlorine to prevent recontamination.